The limits to robust monetary policy in a small open economy with learning agents

By André Marine Charlotte and Dai Meixing

http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bdm:wpaper:2020-12&r=dge

We study the impact of adaptive learning for the design of a robust monetary policy using a small open-economy New Keynesian model. We find that slightly departing from rational expectations substantially changes the way the central bank deals with model misspecification. Learning induces an intertemporal trade-off for the central bank, i.e., stabilizing inflation (output gap) today or stabilizing it tomorrow. The central bank should optimally anchoring private agents expectations in the short term in exchange of easier future intratemporal trade-offs. Compared to the rational expectations equilibrium, the possibility to conduct robust monetary policy is limited in a small open economy under learning for any exchange rate pass-through level and any degree of trade openness. The misspecification that can be introduced into all equations of the model is lower in a small open economy, and approaches zero at high speed as the learning gain rises.

Central banking is hard: so much is endogenous and based on expectations and incomplete information. This paper shows that if there is learning in play, this is doubly difficult. And still, in this model there is complete certainty about interest rates. Imagine when that is not the case.

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